Goa, India's coastal gem, is renowned not just for its sun-kissed beaches and vibrant culture but also for its unique cashew-based spirits: Urrak and Feni. These traditional beverages, deeply rooted in Goan heritage, offer a sensory journey through the region's history and flavors. While both originate from the same source—the cashew apple—their production processes, taste profiles, and cultural significance set them apart.
The journey of both Urrak and Feni begins with the cashew apple, introduced to Goa by the Portuguese in the 16th century. Only ripe, fallen cashew apples are collected, de-seeded, and crushed to extract their juice, known as neero. This juice undergoes fermentation for several days without the addition of artificial yeast or nutrients.
Urrak is the product of the first distillation of fermented neero. This single distillation yields a spirit with an alcohol content ranging from 10% to 15%. Urrak retains much of the cashew apple's fruity essence and is characterized by its freshness and lightness.
Feni undergoes further distillation processes. After the initial distillation producing Urrak, the spirit is distilled again to produce cazulo, and then a third time to yield Feni, which boasts an alcohol content of approximately 40% to 45%. This triple distillation process results in a more potent and aromatic spirit. 
Urrak is celebrated for its light, fruity flavor profile. Its low alcohol content and fresh taste make it a popular choice during Goa's summer months. Traditionally, Urrak is consumed neat or mixed with soda, water, or a splash of lime juice. Some prefer to enhance its flavor with Limca and a hint of chili.
Feni, in contrast, offers a robust and intense flavor, characterized by its strong aroma and higher alcohol content. It is typically consumed neat or used as a base in cocktails. The spirit's unique taste has made it a staple in Goan households and a symbol of the region's rich cultural heritage.
Urrak holds a special place in Goan culture, especially during the summer months. Its seasonal availability and refreshing taste make it a sought-after beverage during this period. Traditionally, Urrak is enjoyed in relaxed settings, often accompanied by light snacks like smoked or dried fish and raw mango.
Feni is more than just a drink; it's a testament to Goa's rich history and traditions. Recognized with a Geographical Indication (GI) tag in 2009, Feni's production is exclusive to Goa, ensuring its authenticity and preserving its legacy.
For those eager to experience these spirits firsthand, Goa offers numerous venues:
Urrak and Feni, though derived from the same fruit, offer distinct experiences that encapsulate the essence of Goa. Urrak, with its light and fruity profile, serves as a refreshing summer drink, while Feni stands as a potent symbol of Goan tradition and craftsmanship. Exploring these spirits provides not just a taste of unique flavors but also a deep dive into the cultural tapestry of Goa.
